RUGIPO Research and Technical Journal; Volume 2, Issue 2, is a publication of Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria, which is dedicated to publishing research papers in the fields of engineering and environmental studies, such as Aerospace/aeronautical engineering, Chemical engineering, Civil engineering, Electrical/electronic engineering, Mechanical engineering, Agricultural engineering, Computer engineering, Mining engineering, Engineering management, Quantity surveying, Estate management, Surveying and Geo-informatics, Urban and regional planning, Architecture, Toxicology, Geology, Hydrology and water management, Climate studies and metrology, Biodiversity and conservation, Sustainable development, etc.